The L, M, P, and S Output Routines

Sample Outputs

Output A as 2 Hexadecimal Chars             - xA2HC
Output A as 3 Decimal Chars                 - xA3DC
Output A as 1-3 Dec. Chrs w/Leading Spaces  - xADC
Output A as 1-3 Decimal Chars               - xAFDC
Output HL as 4 Hexadecimal Chars            - xHL4HC
Output HL as 5 Decimal Chars                - xHL5DC
Output HL as 1-5 Dec. Chrs w/Leading Spaces - xHLDC
Output HL as 1-5 Decimal Chars              - xHLFDC
-------------------------------------------------------------
        The L, M, P, and S Output Routines

The numeric output routines described here are used to output
either the HL register pair or the A register in a variety of
forms.  These forms are as hexadecimal characters, as decimal
characters, as decimal characters with leading spaces, and as
decimal characters with no leading zeroes or spaces.

In addition, each of these routines has a prefix to their names:
L, M, P, or S.  These prefixes indicate the output destination.
L indicates the LST: device (or printer), M indicates memory,
P indicates the console (print the output), and S indicates a
switched output to nothing, the console, the printer, or both.

For example, PADC sends A as decimal characters with leading
spaces to the console, while LADC sends A as decimal characters
with leading spaces to the printer.

The S-series of routines is different from the other series in
that the S-series uses an external data byte to determine where
the output is to be routed.  This byte is referred to as SCTLFL
(S Control Flag), and its switching function is illustrated in
the following table:

	 ---- SCTLFL -----
	 Binary        Hex       Outputs to

	00000000B      00H       Nothing
	00000001B      01H       Console
	10000000B      80H       Printer
	10000001B      81H       Console and Printer

If you do not initialize the SCTLFL variable before using the
S-routine, output will go to the console (the default is 01H).


  An example of code using S-routines is:

	EXT	SCTLFL,SADC	; SCTLFL flag, SADC routine
	...
	LD	A,81H		; enable printer and console
	LD	(SCTLFL),A
	...
	LD	A,32		; print number 32
	CALL	SADC
	...
	LD	A,80H		; enable printer only
	LD	(SCTLFL),A
	...
	LD	A,150		; print number 150
	CALL	SADC
	...

Sample Outputs

The following tables illustrate how values will be output by
the various routines.  The underscore character (_) indicates
a space.

	Value     xA2HC     xA3DC     xADC      xAFDC

	   0        00       000       __0       0
	  10        0A       010       _10       10
	 255        FF       255       255       255

	Value     xHL4HC    xHL5DC    xHLDC     xHLFDC
	    0      0000      00000    ____0     0
	   10      000A      00010    ___10     10
	  100      0064      00100    __100     100
	 1000      03E8      01000    _1000     1000
	65535      FFFF      65535    65535     65535

LA2HC, PA2HC, SA2HC - Print A as Two Hex Characters

  ENTER: A = Value to be converted and printed
  EXIT : None
  USES : None

 Usage:  These routines may be used whenever a byte must be
  printed as two hexidecimal characters on LST: (LA2HC), CON:
  (PA2HC), or switched output (SA2HC).

 MA2HC - Store A as two Hex Characters in Memory

  ENTER:  A = Value to be converted and stored
	 DE = Pointer to start of 2-byte buffer
  EXIT : DE - Points to byte after string
  USES : DE

 Usage:  This routine may be used whenever a byte must be
  stored as two (2) hexadecimal characters in memory.

LA3DC, PA3DC, SA3DC - Print A as three Decimal Digits

  ENTER: A = Binary value to convert and print
  EXIT : None
  USES : None

 Usage:  These routines may be used whenever a byte (0..255)
  must be printed as three (3) decimal characters in a fixed
  length space on LST: (LA3DC), CON: (PA3DC), or switched
  output (SA3DC).

 MA3DC - Store A as three Decimal Digits in Memory

  ENTER:  A = Binary value to convert and store
	 DE = Pointer to 3-byte buffer
  EXIT : DE - Points to the byte after the buffer
  USES : DE

 Usage:  This routine may be used when a byte must be stored
  as three (3) decimal digits in memory

LADC, PADC, SADC - Print byte as up to three Decimal Digits

  ENTER: A = Binary value to convert and print
  EXIT : None
  USES : None

 Usage:  This routine may be used whenever a byte must be
  printed in variable format with leading spaces (right justi-
  fied) on LST: (LADC), CON: (PADC), or switched output (SADC).

 MADC - Store a byte as up to three digits in memory

  ENTER:  A = Binary value to convert and store
	 DE = Pointer to 3-byte memory buffer
  EXIT : DE - Points to byte after the buffer
  USES : DE

 Usage:  This routine may be used whenever a byte must be
  stored in a fixed three character buffer as up to three (3)
  decimal characters with leading spaces.

LAFDC, PAFDC, SAFDC - Print A as 1 to 3 digits (variable)

  ENTER: A = Binary value to be converted and printed
  EXIT : None
  USES : None

 Usage:  These routines may be used at any time to print a byte
  as one to three decimal characters with no leading spaces on
  LST: (LAFDC), CON: (PAFDC), or switched output (SAFDC).

 MAFDC - Store A as 1 to 3 digits (variable) in memory

  ENTER:  A = Value to be converted and stored
	 DE = Pointer to a 3-byte buffer
  EXIT : DE - Points to the byte after the last one saved
  USES : DE

 Usage:  This routine may be used at any time to store a byte
  as up to three (3) decimal digits in a 3-byte memory buffer.

LHL4HC, PHL4HC, SHL4HC - Print 16-bit value as four Hex chars

  ENTER: HL = 16-bit value to print
  EXIT : None
  USES : None

 Usage:  These routines may be used at any time to print HL
  as four (4) hexadecimal characters on LST: (LHL4HC), CON:
  (PHL4HC), or switched output (SHL4HC).

 MHL4HC - Save 16-bit value as four Hex characters

  ENTER: HL = 16-bit value to convert and save
	 DE = Pointer to 4-byte buffer
  EXIT : DE - Points to byte after buffer
  USES : DE

 Usage:  This routine may be used at any time to store HL as
  four (4) hexadecimal characters in a 4-byte memory buffer.

LHL5DC, PHL5DC, SHL5DC - Print 16-bit value as 5 Decimal chars

  ENTER: HL = 16-bit value to print
  EXIT : None
  USES : None

 Usage:  These routines may be used at any time to print HL as
  five (5) decimal characters on LST: (LHL5DC), CON: (PHL5DC),
  or switched output (SHL5DC).

 MHL5DC - Save 16-bit value as 5 Decimal characters

  ENTER: HL = Value to be converted and stored
	 DE = Pointer to 5-byte buffer
  EXIT : DE - Points to byte after buffer
  USES : DE

 Usage:  This routine may be used at any time to store HL as
  five (5) decimal characters in a 5-byte memory buffer.

LHLDC, PHLDC, SHLDC - Print 16-bit value as 1-5 Decimal Digits

  ENTER: HL = Value to be printed
  EXIT : None
  USES : None

 Usage:  These routines may be used at any time to print HL
  as one to five decimal digits with leading spaces on LST:
  (LHLDC), CON: (PHLDC), or switched output (SHLDC).

 MHLDC - Store 16-bit value as 1-5 Decimal Digits in Memory

  ENTER: HL = Value to convert and store
	 DE = Pointer to five byte memory buffer
  EXIT : DE - Points to byte after buffer
  USES : DE

 Usage:  This routine may be used at any time to convert and
  store HL as one to five decimal characters with leading
  spaces in a 5-byte memory buffer.

LHLFDC, PHLFDC, SHLFDC - Print HL as 1 to 5 Decimal Digits

  ENTER: HL = Value to be printed
  EXIT : None
  USES : None

 Usage:  These routines may be used at any time to print HL as
  one to five decimal digits with no leading spaces on LST:
  (LHLFDC), CON: (PHLFDC), or switched output (SHLFDC).

 MHLFDC - Store HL as 1 to 5 Decimal Digits in Memory

  ENTER: HL = Value to convert and store
	 DE = Pointer to 5-byte memory buffer
  EXIT : DE - Points to byte after last one stored
  USES : DE

 Usage:  This routine may be used at any time to convert and
  store HL as one to five decimal digits in a 5-byte buffer.